Table 4 Diagnostic outcomes for patients with a prior psychiatric (F20–F48) diagnosis.

From: Onset and recurrence of psychiatric disorders associated with anti-hypertensive drug classes

Disorder

ICD-10 codes

CCB vs Diuretic

CCB vs ACEI

CCB vs ARB

CCB vs BB

% in each cohort

Risk ratio (95% CI)

% in each cohort

Risk ratio (95% CI)

% in each cohort

Risk ratio (95% CI)

% in each cohort

Risk ratio (95% CI)

Psychotic disorder

F20–29

4.1, 3.8

1.07 (0.99–1.15)

3.7, 4.0

0.91 (0.86–0.97)

3.8, 2.1

1.82 (1.67–1.98)

3.6, 4.7

0.76 (0.71–0.81)

Schizophrenia

F20

2.0, 1.7

1.15 (1.03–1.28)

1.6, 1.9

0.82 (0.74–0.89)

1.6, 0.8

1.95 (1.70–2.24)

1.7, 2.2

0.77 (0.70–0.86)

Affective disorder

F30–39

46, 46

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

46, 46

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

49, 45

1.08 (1.06–1.09)

46, 46

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

Bipolar disorder

F30,31

6.1, 5.4

1.13 (1.07–1.21)

5.4, 5.5

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

6.2, 3.7

1.67 (1.56–1.78)

5.2, 6.1

0.86 (0.82–0.91)

Depression

F32,33

39, 40

0.98 (0.96–0.99)

41, 41

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

43, 41

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

40, 41

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

Anxiety disorder

F40–48

42, 41

1.04 (1.02–1.05)

43, 41

1.05 (1.04–1.07)

44, 42

1.04 (1.03–1.06)

41, 44

0.94 (0.92–0.95)

Sleep disorder

F51, G47

26, 29

0.89 (0.87–0.92)

31, 27

1.16 (1.13–1.18)

31, 31

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

28, 29

0.97 (0.95–1.00)

Substance use disorder

F10–19

21, 20

1.08 (1.05–1.11)

19, 20

0.96 (0.93–0.98)

22, 14

1.57 (1.52–1.62)

19, 20

0.97 (0.95–1.00)

Negative control outcomesa

 

0.88 (0.82–0.94)

1.07 (1.00-1.14)

0.99 (0.89–1.10)

1.00 (0.92–1.08)

  1. aMean of 12 negative control outcomes (see Supplementary Table 1).
  2. Bold values indicate statistical significance.