Fig. 1: Reduced gray matter volume in motor cortex and striatal regions of adult Ddo knockin mice and lower number of cortical neurons in the dorsal pallium of newborn pups.
a, b Representative images of sagittal sections showing Ddo expression in (a) R26+/+ and (b) R26Ddo/+ pups at birth. C cortex, E eye. Scale bar 1 mm. c High-resolution structural MRI revealed a prominent reduction of gray matter volume (GMV) in cortical and striatal areas of R26Ddo/+ compared to R26+/+ mice. d Regional volumetric analysis of GMV in R26+/+ and R26Ddo/+ mice in dorsal striatum (dStr), primary motor cortex (M1) and somatosensory cortex (SS). e–i Birth-dating experiment of embryos injected with BrdU at E14.5. e–h Representative coronal sections showing BrdU-positive neurons in (e, f) R26+/+ and (g, h) R26Ddo/+ mice at birth. f, h Confocal higher magnification of the boxed region in the dorsal pallium. Images further demonstrate the reduced density of BrdU-positive cells in (h) R26Ddo/+ pups as compared to (f) R26+/+ controls. Scale bars: (e, g) 250 μm, (f, h) 50 μm. i Bar graph showing the reduction of the BrdU-positive cells in the dorsal pallium of R26Ddo/+ pups. j, m Representative images of clones generated by single E14 telencephalic progenitor cells transduced with retroviral vectors. Scale bar 100 µm. n Bar graph showing the average size of clones generated by the transduced progenitor cells (n = 6, total number of clones, Ctrl: 335, Ddo: 260). All data are expressed as mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.0001, compared with control group (Student’s t test).
