Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the total sample.

From: Brain structural correlates of recurrence following the first episode in patients with major depressive disorder

 

FEDrec (n = 21)

FEDrem (n = 42)

p-Valuea

HC (n = 63)

p-Valueb

 

mean ± SD

mean ± SD

 

mean ± SD

 

Baseline

Age

31.67 ± 12.93

38.79 ± 13.84

0.054c

36.48 ± 14.10

0.161c

Sex (f/m)

12/9

24/18

0.999d

39/24

0.296d

Verbal IQMWT-B

111.00 ± 11.91

115.24 ± 13.59

0.230c

115.68 ± 14.69

0.398c

Scanner Settings (MR-BCpre, MR-BCpost, MS)

11/0/10

22/5/15

0.223d

35/1/27

0.114d

Smoking status (yes/no) (n = 125)

7/13

12/30

0.608d

7/56

0.023d

HDRS total score (n = 125)

8.40 ± 6.82

4.36 ± 4.51

0.034e

1.37 ± 1.99

<0.001f

Medication Load Index

1.33 ± 1.74

0.79 ± 1.07

0.116e

n/a

n/a

Psychiatric comorbidities (yes/no)

4/17

5/37

0.445d

n/a

n/a

CTQ total score

43.60 ± 11.83

40.40 ± 12.55

0.246e

31.95 ± 8.59

<0.001f

Familial risk for mood disorder (yes/no)

7/14

18/24

0.466d

8/55

0.002d

Remission status (acute/remitted)

14/7

19/23

0.108d

n/a

n/a

Time since first depressive symptoms (weeks)

63.43 ± 99.83

50.57 ± 63.08

0.605e

n/a

n/a

Duration of index episode (months) (n = 52)

13.68 ± 15.87

14.06 ± 13.24

0.960e

n/a

n/a

Psychiatric hospitalization at index episode (yes/no)

16/5

21/21

0.047d

n/a

n/a

Follow-up

Smoking status (yes/no) (n = 120)

5/14

12/29

0.813d

8/52

0.125d

Body coil/site (BCpre, BCpost, Münster)

0/11/10

0/27/15

0.363d

0/36/27

0.622d

Interscan interval (months)

63.28 ± 3.12

65.04 ± 5.32

0.336e

63.34 ± 5.44

0.052f

HDRS total score

6.62 ± 5.90

2.55 ± 2.75

0.004e

1.25 ± 1.78

<0.001f

Medication Load Index

0.86 ± 1.11

0.36 ± 0.82

0.015e

n/a

n/a

Remission status (acute/remitted)

11/10

0/42

<0.001d

n/a

n/a

Number of depressive episodes during follow-up

1.48 ± 0.81

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

Duration of depressive episodes during follow-up (months)

6.49 ± 4.62

n/a

<0.001e

n/a

n/a

Rehospitalization during follow-up (yes/no)

9/12

0/42

<0.001d

n/a

n/a

  1. FEDrec first-episode patients with recurrent episodes, FEDrem first-episode patients without recurrent episodes, HC healthy controls, IQMWT-B intelligence quotient according to the MWT-B, BCpre Body coil pre change, BCpost body coil post change, HDRS Hamilton Depression Ratings Scale, CTQ childhood trauma questionnaire.
  2. aComparison of patients with recurrent episodes and patients without recurrent episodes.
  3. bComparison of patients with recurrent episodes, patients without recurrent episodes and Healthy controls.
  4. cOne-way ANOVA or two-sample t test.
  5. dχ2 test.
  6. eMann–Whitney U test.
  7. fKruskal–Wallis test.