Table 1 Demographic characteristics of children with ASD in the atopic and non-atopic cohorts.

From: Eczema and related atopic diseases are associated with increased symptom severity in children with autism spectrum disorder

 

Full cohorta

Atopic cohort

Non-atopic cohort

p value

Number of participants, n (%)

140 (100)

47 (33.57)

93 (66.43)

–

 Asthma

15 (10.70)

–

–

–

 Allergies

23 (16.40)

–

–

–

 Eczema

26 (18.60)

–

–

–

 Hay fever

2 (1.40)

–

–

–

Sex, n (%)

   

0.366b

 Male

110 (78.60)

39 (82.98)

71 (76.34)

–

 Female

30 (21.40)

8 (17.02)

22 (23.66)

–

Age (years), mean ± SD

6.15 ± 2.62

6.13 ± 2.69

6.14 ± 2.61

0.983c

Sleep behaviours, n (%)

    

Poor sleeping pattern

22 (33.85)

6 (35.30)

16 (33.33)

0.883d

Snoring

10 (15.38)

4 (23.53)

6 (12.50)

0.434d

Trouble falling asleep

13 (20.00)

4 (23.53)

9 (18.75)

0.729d

Dislikes sleeping alone

15 (23.08)

6 (35.30)

9 (18.75)

0.191d

Waking overnight

17 (26.15)

3 (17.65)

14 (29.17)

0.523d

Maternal infection, n (%)

21 (15.22)

8 (17.02)

13 (13.98)

0.560b

  1. SD standard deviation.
  2. aPercentage of missing data in each measure for full cohort: maternal infection 1.43%. Sleep behaviours 47.14%. Percentages are expressed as a fraction of the number of participants in each group and may not total 100 due to missing data for some variables. p values are reported for comparisons between the atopic and non-atopic cohort using the χ2 test.
  3. bBootstrapped Welch two-sample t-test.
  4. cOr Fisher’s exact tests.
  5. dAs appropriate.
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