Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study sample.
From: Structural disconnection-based prediction of poststroke depression
Variable | Total | PSD | Non-PSD | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 697 | 194 | 503 | – |
Sociodemographic factors | ||||
Age, years | 59 (52,66) | 59.5 (52,66) | 59 (52,66) | 0.925 |
Sex, female | 144 (20.7) | 56 (28.9) | 88 (17.5) | <0.001* |
Education years | 9 (9,12) | 9 (6,12) | 9 (9,12) | <0.001* |
Social support level | 38 (32,43) | 38 (32,44) | 38 (34,43) | 0.841 |
Living alone | 52 (7.5) | 15 (7.7) | 37 (7.4) | 0.866 |
Premorbid physical exercise habit | 231 (33.1) | 43 (22.2) | 188 (37.4) | <0.001* |
Prior stressful life event | 40 (5.7) | 13 (6.7) | 27 (5.4) | 0.498 |
Clinical factors | ||||
Stroke subtype | 0.033* | |||
large-artery atherosclerosis | 464 (66.6) | 139 (71.6) | 325 (64.6) | – |
cardioembolism | 46 (6.6) | 18 (9.3) | 28 (5.6) | – |
small-vessel occlusion | 59 (8.5) | 11 (5.7) | 48 (9.5) | – |
stroke of other determined etiology | 42 (6) | 7 (3.6) | 35 (7) | – |
stroke of undetermined etiology | 86 (12.3) | 19 (9.8) | 67 (13.3) | – |
NIHSS | 3 (1,5) | 4 (2,8) | 2 (1,5) | <0.001* |
BI | 95 (60,100) | 67.5 (40,100) | 95 (65,100) | <0.001* |
MoCA | 20 (16,24) | 17 (13,21) | 21 (17,24) | <0.001* |
Tissue plasminogen activator administered | 46 (6.6) | 12 (6.2) | 34 (6.8) | 0.784 |
Endovascular intervention | 36 (5.2) | 15 (7.7) | 21 (4.2) | 0.057 |
Diabetes mellitus | 179 (25.7) | 55 (28.4) | 124 (24.7) | 0.317 |
Hypertension | 401 (57.5) | 111 (57.2) | 290 (57.7) | 0.917 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 147 (21.1) | 37 (19.1) | 110 (21.9) | 0.417 |
Coronary heart disease | 48 (6.9) | 18 (9.3) | 30 (6) | 0.121 |
Psychological factors | ||||
Neuroticism | 9 (6,11) | 9 (7,12) | 8 (5,10) | <0.001* |
Extroversion | 11 (8,14) | 11 (7,13) | 11 (9,15) | 0.005* |
Psychoticism | 5 (3,6) | 5 (3,6) | 5 (3,6) | 0.874 |
Neuroimaging factors | ||||
Timing of imaging since stroke onset, days | 3 (2,3) | 3 (1,4) | 3 (2,3) | 0.749 |
Lesion localization | – | – | – | 0.183 |
left hemispheric | 244 (35) | 67 (34.5) | 177 (35.2) | – |
right hemispheric | 274 (39.3) | 85 (43.8) | 189 (37.6) | – |
bihemispheric | 30 (4.3) | 10 (5.2) | 20 (4) | – |
infratentorial | 149 (21.4) | 32 (16.5) | 117 (23.3) | – |
Lesion volume, cm3 | 5.0 (2.1,17.2) | 9.5 (3.7,27.6) | 4.1 (1.9,14.1) | <0.001* |
