Fig. 2: Pathway enrichment analysis of astrocytes indicating the inhibition of autophagy pathways in patients with MDD.

A GSEA pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MDD versus control subjects in astrocytes. B Enrichment plot showing the inhibition of the chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway, selective autophagy pathway, and autophagy pathway. C AUCell analysis showing the inhibition of autophagy pathways in MDD. D Dot plot showing the reduced expression levels of autophagy-related genes in MDD.