Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with bipolar depressive disorder, major depressive disorder, and healthy controls.

From: Task-state skin potential abnormalities can distinguish major depressive disorder and bipolar depression from healthy controls

 

BPD (n = 77) Mean ± SD

MDD (n = 53) Mean ± SD

HC (n = 79) Mean ± SD

t/F

P value

Corrected P value

BPDvsHC

MDDvsHC

BPDvsMDD

Sex, M/F

26/51

17/36

27/52

0.067a

0.967

   

Age (year)

18.92 ± 3.88

22.72 ± 8.49

25.3 ± 4.86

25.025

<0.001

<0.001

0.123

0.01

Education

2(1, 2.5)

2(2, 3)

3(3, 3)

105.689a

<0.001

<0.05

<0.05

/

HAMD

18.13 ± 5.76

16.68 ± 5.99

/

1.387

0.168

/

/

/

HAMA

18.08 ± 9.10

17.15 ± 9.17

/

0.568

0.571

/

/

/

BDI-II

32.73 ± 14.55

30.19 ± 11.32

/

164.152

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.605

BAI

42.87 ± 12.70

40.38 ± 13.75

/

76.948

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.653

Cognitive function performance

Trail Making Test

42.15 ± 16.09

44.69 ± 16.54

27.01 ± 7.95

34.615

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.908

Symbol Coding Test

53.36 ± 11.32

54.53 ± 10.00

69.05 ± 9.39

53.881

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

1.000

HVLT-R

23.94 ± 5.14

24.64 ± 5.13

28.44 ± 4.30

19.057

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

1.000

MAZES

18.45 ± 5.74

18.87 ± 4.97

21.57 ± 3.87

8.973

<0.001

<0.001

0.007

1.000

SCWT

105.52 ± 38.50

102.00 ± 29.81

79.93 ± 24.37

14.561

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

1.000

CPT-IP

2.15 ± 0.75

2.33 ± 0.81

3.00 ± 0.04

35.199

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.381

Blood test indicators

Cortisol (ug/dl)

10.41 ± 3.61

11.1 ± 4.43

      

ACTH (ph/ml)

21.47 ± 12.42

22.59 ± 10.72

      

Uric Acid (umol/l)

335.74 ± 95.60

319.79 ± 89.70

      

IBIL (umol/l)

5.15 ± 4.35

5.78 ± 4.56

      

DBIL (umol/l)

3.61 ± 1.91

3.92 ± 2.13

      

Albumin (umol/l)

44.36 ± 3.14

44.03 ± 3.09

      

Prealbumin (mg/dl)

26.43 ± 5.89

24.34 ± 5.40

      
  1. BPD bipolar depression, MDD major depressive disorder, HC healthy controls, HAMD Hamilton depression rating scale, AMA Hamilton anxiety rating scale, BDI-II Beck depression inventory second version, AI Beck anxiety inventory, HVLT-R Hopkins verbal learning test—revised; MAZES neuropsychological assessment attery, mazes subtest, SCWT The Stroop color and word test, CPT-IP continuous performance test-identical pair, ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone, IBIL indirect bilirubin levels, DBIL direct bilirubin levels, Education was coded as follows: 1 = primary high school, 2 = junior high school, 3 = senior high school, 4 = Bachelor’s degree or above. Shown in the table as median and upper and lower quartiles. The corrected p-values were analyzed using the Bonferroni method.
  2. a: Pearson’s Chi-square test.
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