Table 1 Demographic and neuropsychological data.

From: The characteristic patterns of individual brain susceptibility networks underlie Alzheimer’s disease and white matter hyperintensity-related cognitive impairment

Items

HC (n = 76)

MCI-AD (n = 58)

WMH

F/χ2/Z

p value

NC (n = 31)

MCI (n = 35)

Demographics

      

 Age (years)

61.882 ± 7.811

62.500 ± 8.925

69.258 ± 7.421

70.029 ± 8.049

12.699

<0.001a,b

 Education (years)

12.013 ± 4.675

10.414 ± 2.702

9.419 ± 5.835

9.357 ± 4.059

3.782

0.011a,b

 Gender (male/female)

47/29

22/36

12/19

10/25

14.150

0.003c,b

Neuroimaging characteristics

 GMV/TIV ratio

0.352 ± 0.036

0.361 ± 0.037

0.353 ± 0.032

0.346 ± 0.040

1.403

0.243a

 WMH (ml)

–

–

11.240 (6.080, 17.630)

10.750 (6.220, 20.130)

−0.010

0.990d

General cognition

 MMSE

28.513 ± 1.400

27.603 ± 1.643

27.484 ± 2.515

24.457 ± 4.488

22.226

<0.001a,b

 MoCA-BJ

25.895 ± 2.595

21.293 ± 2.791

24.613 ± 3.905

18.829 ± 4.508

46.485

<0.001a,b

Composition Z scores of each cognitive domain

 Episodic memory

0.458 ± 0.763

−0.388 ± 0.693

0.308 ± 0.753

−0.624 ± 0.716

25.539

<0.001a,b

 AVLT-DR

5.237 ± 2.274

3.483 ± 1.740

4.903 ± 2.022

3.029 ± 1.618

14.666

<0.001a,b

 VR-DR (WMS)

9.303 ± 2.643

6.293 ± 3.335

8.806 ± 3.301

5.400 ± 2.851

19.768

<0.001a,b

Visuospatial function

0.332 ± 0.474

−0.051 ± 0.809

0.242 ± 0.451

−0.851 ± 1.215

21.111

<0.001a,b

 CDT

3.763 ± 0.513

3.362 ± 0.810

3.677 ± 0.541

2.686 ± 1.078

18.553

<0.001a,b

 VR-C

13.763 ± 0.671

13.328 ± 1.751

13.645 ± 0.608

12.114 ± 2.386

10.922

<0.001a,b

Information processing speed

0.435 ± 0.775

−0.182 ± 0.696

−0.002 ± 0.762

−0.641 ± 0.754

18.319

<0.001a,b

 TMT-A (inverse)

0.021 ± 0.009

0.017 ± 0.006

0.017 ± 0.007

0.014 ± 0.007

8.198

<0.001a,b

 Stroop A (inverse)

0.060 ± 0.015

0.049 ± 0.015

0.054 ± 0.015

0.041 ± 0.016

13.506

<0.001a,b

 Stroop B (inverse)

0.051 ± 0.014

0.040 ± 0.014

0.044 ± 0.014

0.034 ± 0.014

15.278

<0.001a,b

Language function

0.498 ± 0.712

−0.347 ± 0.753

0.067 ± 0.727

−0.566 ± 0.871

21.690

<0.001a,b

 CVF

19.079 ± 4.931

14.052 ± 4.415

16.613 ± 3.694

14.257 ± 4.395

16.779

<0.001a,b

 BNT

52.987 ± 5.587

47.966 ± 6.308

50.290 ± 7.313

44.486 ± 8.340

14.904

<0.001a,b

Executive function

0.434 ± 0.671

−0.268 ± 0.520

0.140 ± 0.764

−0.623 ± 0.643

26.410

<0.001a,b

 DST-backward

5.079 ± 1.283

4.069 ± 0.934

4.677 ± 1.107

3.314 ± 1.301

20.752

<0.001a,b

 TMT-B (inverse)

0.012 ± 0.005

0.009 ± 0.004

0.010 ± 0.005

0.007 ± 0.003

10.504

<0.001a,b

 Stroop C (inverse)

0.036 ± 0.011

0.027 ± 0.009

0.033 ± 0.012

0.026 ± 0.013

9.890

<0.001a,b

  1. Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median (interquartile ranges).
  2. aThe p value was obtained by one-way ANOVA.
  3. bIndicates a statistical difference between groups, p < 0.05.
  4. cThe p value was obtained by χ2 test.
  5. dThe p value was obtained by Mann–Whitney U test.
  6. HC health control, NC normal cognition, MCI-AD mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease, GMV gray matter volume, TIV total intracranial volume, WMH white matter hyperintensities, MMSE mini mental state examination, MoCA-BJ Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, AVLT-DR Auditory Verbal Learning Test-delayed recall, VR-DR visual reproduction-delay recall, WMS Wechsler Memory Scale, CDT Clock Drawing Test, VR-C visual reproduction-copy, CVF category verbal fluency, BNT Boston Naming Test, DST Digit Span Test, TMT-A and TMT-B Trail Making Test-A and B, Stroop A, B and C Stroop Color and Word Tests A, B, and C.
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