Table 3 Association between 20-year trajectories in depressive symptoms and brain measures in MRI sub-sample (n = 662).

From: Trajectories in depressive symptoms and midlife brain health

Brain Volume (mm3)

Class 1-Declining n = 49 (7.4%)

Class 2- Steady high n = 41 (6.2%)

Class 3- Increasing n = 63 (9.5%)

Class 4-Steady low 509 (76.9%)

Total GM volume

1161.36

(−10578.53 to 8255.82)

−7782.28

(−17403.77 to 1838.22)

−9269.25

(−17104.67 to −1433.82)*

Reference

Entorhinal cortex

−115.96

(−261.66 to 29.76)

−180.81

(−336.69 to −24.91)*

−60.57

(−188.06 to 66.91)

Reference

Hippocampus

−59.32

(−242.65 to 124.01)

−183.02

(−379.15 to 13.11)

15.79

(−144.61 to 176.18)

Reference

Amygdala

6.93

(−27.96 to 41.81)

−40.97

(−74.09 to −7.85)*

−10.88

(−39.22 to 17.46)

Reference

Total WMHs

0.90

(−0.02 to 1.82)

0.41

(−0.13 to 0.94)

0.54

(0.21 to 0.87)*

Reference

  1. Adjusted for age, sex, education, race, and, intracranial volume, and scanning center.
  2. WHMs White matter hyperintensities, GM gray matter.
  3. *Significantly different from reference group (Class 4), p < 0.05.
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