Fig. 1: Late-night REM sleep, but not early-night REM sleep, maintains optimal REM sleep patterns.
From: The impact of REM sleep loss on human brain connectivity
a Experimental timeline for manipulating REM sleep loss procedure. b Diagram for the sleep progression from awake to non-rapid eye movement (NREM), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, along with the changes in electroencephalography (EEG), was tracked using Polysomnography (PSG) over a 90-minute cycle. c Comparison of REM phase duration and percentage between early-night and late-night sleep in the Full-Sleep Group, revealing higher values during early-night sleep. d Decreased REM phase duration and percentage in the Early-Deprivation Group compared to late-night sleep in the Full-Sleep Group. e Increased REM phase duration and percentage in the Late-Deprivation Group compared to early-night sleep in the Full-Sleep Group. f Significantly better REM phase duration and percentage in the Early-Deprivation Group compared to the Late-Deprivation Group. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001. ns. Not Significant. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM.
