Table 1 Demographic Information and sleep characteristics.

From: The impact of REM sleep loss on human brain connectivity

 

Early-Deprivation Group (n = 41)

Late-Deprivation Group (n = 36)

Full-night Sleep Group (n = 36)

P

Age (years)

23.00 ± 2.53

22.88 ± 2.44

22.78 ± 4.44

0.957

Female (n, %)

20 (48.78)

13 (36.11)

21 (58.33)

0.291

BMI

22.23 ± 2.95

21.93 ± 2.43

21.35 ± 4.45

0.552

PSQI Score

3.05 ± 1.51

3.44 ± 1.44

3.36 ± 1.57

0.484

MEQ Score

51.25 ± 5.74

51.14 ± 5.66

48.17 ± 9.97

0.130

SAS Score

29.14 ± 3.56

28.03 ± 3.89

28.97 ± 4.17

0.414

SDS Score

30.22 ± 6.11

27.89 ± 5.40

29.22 ± 6.06

0.255

Sleep Parameters in Adaption Night

TST (min)

442.66 ± 57.33

449.75 ± 38.31

443.99 ± 37.99

0.810

SL (min)

13.95 ± 12.96

9.62 ± 5.99

9.55 ± 4.93

0.070

WASO (min)

31.65 ± 32.65

31.50 ± 29.61

31.41 ± 20.43

0.991

SE (%)

0.93 ± 0.15

0.93 ± 0.06

0.92 ± 0.07

0.450

N1 (%)

7.02 ± 4.65

7.67 ± 3.83

7.36 ± 4.89

0.871

N2 (%)

49.05 ± 9.46

50.49 ± 7.69

47.89 ± 9.26

0.511

N3 (%)

21.82 ± 9.04

20.06 ± 7.72

23.69 ± 8.52

0.243

REM (%)

21.84 ± 4.72

21.81 ± 4.38

21.92 ± 9.48

0.980

Sleep Parameters in Sleep Manipulation Night

TST (min)

251.22 ± 26.00

251.86 ± 26.69

452.93 ± 37.54

< 0.001***

SL (min)

4.86 ± 3.33

9.80 ± 13.31

7.81 ± 6.58

0.046*

WASO (min)

6.45 ± 7.40

10.29 ± 17.59

23.31 ± 23.16

< 0.001***

SE (%)

0.96 ± 0.03

0.93 ± 0.08

0.92 ± 0.07

0.051

N1 (%)

4.50 ± 2.64

6.18 ± 4.48

6.05 ± 5.28

0.177

N2 (%)

45.73 ± 9.11

51.98 ± 9.10

50.82 ± 9.79

0.013*

N3 (%)

25.79 ± 6.70

27.14 ± 9.16

19.73 ± 7.11

< 0.001***

REM (%)

24.41 ± 6.56

15.18 ± 5.31

22.56 ± 6.32

< 0.001***

  1. BMI body mass index, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, MEQ Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, SAS Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SDS Self-Rating Depression Scale, TST total sleep time, SL sleep latency, WASO wake after sleep onset, SE sleep efficiency, REM rapid eye movement, % percentage
  2. Values are presented as mean ± SD.
  3. *p< 0.05, ***p < 0.001.