Table 2 Group differences between Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositive (HSV1+) patients with severe mental illness and healthy controls (HC) in sex, age, education years, handedness (right-handedness vs. left-handedness/ambidexterity), alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT) and drug use disorder identification test (DUDIT) scores.

	HSV1+ patients		HSV1+ HC		P-value^b	Correlation with HSV1
	N^a	Mean (SD) or %	N^a	Mean (SD) or %	P-value^b	±	P-value^c
Sex (% women)	355	45.4	238	43.7	0.691	+	0.263
Age (years)	355	33.4 (10.8)	238	34.7 (8.7)	0.092	-	0.573
Education years	321	12.5 (2.5)	238	14.3 (2.2)	<0.001	-	<0.001
Handedness (% right-handedness)	321	89.4	238	89.5	0.973	+	0.158
AUDIT score	257	7.4 (7.1)	133	5.7 (3.4)	<0.001	-	0.263
DUDIT score	281	3.5 (7.5)	139	0.4 (1.7)	<0.001	+	0.270
DOI (years)	347	10 (9.4)				-	0.153
PANSS total score	346	56.9 (16.7)				+	0.012
YMRS score	301	4.6 (4.9)				+	0.118
IDS-C	263	17.7 (12)				+	0.016
On antipsychotics (%)	355	76.3				-	0.685
CPZ (mg/day)	266	327.6 (273.3)				-	0.694
On antidepressants (%)	355	31				+	0.585
On antiepileptics (%)	355	25.1				-	0.787
On lithium (%)	355	7.3				-	0.685

For patients, the duration of illness (DOI), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score, Inventory of Depressive Symptoms, clinician rated, score (IDS-C), the percentage of patients on antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiepileptics, and lithium as well as the chlorpromazine equivalent doses (CPZ) among patients on antipsychotics are also shown. P values < 0.05 shown in bold.
^aNumber of participants with data in each variable.
^bChi-square test or t-test (Welch’s t-test in case of unequal variance).
^cPoint-biserial correlations for binary variables; Spearman’s correlations for quantitative variables.

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