Table 2 Demographic characteristics of the sample (N = 340).
From: Associations between maternal adversity and health and children’s telomere length
Total | Low-stable depressive symptoms (n = 293, 86.2%) | Relapsing/remitting depressive symptoms (n = 47, 13.8%) | t / χ2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age at baseline (mean, SD) | 31.30 ± 4.26 | 31.39 ± 4.09 | 30.77 ± 5.23 | 0.78 |
Educational attainment (n, %) | 2.50 | |||
Lower secondary or below | 44 (12.9) | 39 (13.3) | 5 (10.6) | |
Upper secondary | 104 (30.6) | 85 (29.0) | 19 (40.4) | |
College/university or above | 192 (56.5) | 169 (57.7) | 23 (48.9) | |
Marital status (n, %) T3 | 0.86 | |||
Widowed/separated/divorced | 25 (7.4) | 20 (6.8) | 5 (10.6) | |
Married | 315 (92.6) | 273 (93.2) | 42 (89.4) | |
Employment status (n, %) T3 | 2.40 | |||
Unemployed | 118 (34.7) | 97 (33.1) | 21 (44.7) | |
Employed | 222 (65.3) | 196 (66.9) | 26 (55.3) | |
Receiving social security assistance (n, %) T3 | 0.08 | |||
Yes | 12 (3.5) | 10 (3.4) | 2 (4.3) | |
No | 328 (96.5) | 283 (96.6) | 45 (95.7) | |
Monthly household income (n, %) T3 | 5.75 | |||
Less than HKD15,000 | 32 (9.4) | 24 (8.2) | 8 (17.0) | |
HKD15,000 to HKD39,999 | 132 (38.8) | 111 (37.9) | 21 (44.7) | |
HKD40,000 or above | 176 (51.8) | 158 (53.9) | 18 (38.3) | |
ACEs (mean, SD) | 2.79 ± 2.08 | 2.70 ± 2.04 | 3.38 (2.27) | −2.11* |
Chronic illness (mean, SD) T1, N = 335 | 0.11 ± 0.42 | 0.09 ± 2.99 | 0.26 (0.83) | −1.39 |
