Table 1 Demographic, clinical, cytokine, and complement factor characteristics and comparisons between Th1 > Th2 and Th1 < Th2 groups.

From: Longitudinal investigation of the T helper (Th)1-Th2 balance and complement system in clinical high risk for psychosis cohort

Variables[mean, SD.]

HC

Comparisons

CHR

Comparisons

 

Th1>Th2

Th1<Th2

t/Z/χ2

p

Th1>Th2

Th1<Th2

t/Z/χ2

p

Cases [n, %]

19

7

-

-

27

22

-

-

Age (years)

17.8

2.5

16.1

1.5

1.709

0.100

18.0

4.3

18.5

3.9

0.493

0.624

Male [n, %]

14

73.7%

4

57.1%

0.657

0.418

20

74.1%

15

68.2%

0.206

0.650

Education(years)

11.6

1.9

9.9

1.9

2.105

0.046

10.1

2.6

10.7

2.8

0.735

0.466

Positive symptoms

-

-

-

-

-

-

10.7

3.3

9.3

4.7

1.214

0.231

Negative symptoms

-

-

-

-

-

-

14.1

5.8

13.5

7.5

0.325

0.747

Disorganization symptoms

-

-

-

-

-

-

7.3

2.7

6.5

4.1

0.782

0.438

General symptoms

-

-

-

-

-

-

8.9

3.1

8.8

3.5

0.075

0.941

SIPSTAL

-

-

-

-

-

-

40.9

7.0

38.1

15.0

0.872

0.388

IL-1Beta(pg/mL)

0.7

2.1

0.4

0.4

0.232

0.817

0.8

2.2

0.3

0.3

0.353

0.724

IL-6(pg/mL)

1.3

2.8

2.1

1.1

3.297

0.001

0.6

0.3

1.8

1.8

5.450

0.000

C2(ng/L)

6.1

4.3

7.2

2.9

1.301

0.193

5.8

3.6

6.0

4.2

0.070

0.944

C4b(ng/L)

32.5

11.7

36.5

6.3

1.821

0.069

28.2

5.4

34.5

9.5

2.895

0.004

C5(ng/L)

34.9

5.0

40.7

5.2

2.342

0.019

31.3

5.0

35.4

7.0

2.352

0.019

C5a(ng/L)

4.7

1.4

5.2

2.4

0.000

1.000

4.4

1.9

4.0

1.1

0.583

0.560

D(ng/L)

4.8

1.2

4.7

0.6

0.029

0.977

4.2

0.6

4.5

1.0

0.884

0.376

I(ng/L)

33.1

5.1

36.2

3.9

1.648

0.099

28.9

5.3

33.0

8.0

2.131

0.033

MBL(ng/L)

6.8

3.7

4.7

1.9

1.330

0.184

5.8

3.6

6.6

3.9

0.824

0.410

C1q(ng/L)

30.6

8.0

30.9

4.0

0.492

0.623

27.9

9.1

29.1

7.7

0.593

0.553

C3(ng/L)

112.2

49.7

205.9

127.2

1.590

0.112

76.0

25.8

104.2

43.8

2.392

0.017

C3b(ng/L)

115.6

27.3

137.4

31.7

1.474

0.140

120.7

42.2

115.7

33.0

0.412

0.680

C4(ng/L)

329.3

84.2

438.8

96.1

2.283

0.022

273.3

86.7

349.6

106.9

2.342

0.019

B(ng/L)

139.6

32.3

196.3

35.4

2.861

0.004

127.9

30.2

153.8

45.1

1.930

0.054

H(ng/L)

244.2

61.3

270.1

43.5

1.214

0.225

207.6

46.5

231.1

65.1

1.085

0.278

  1. IL-1Beta refers to interleukin-1 beta, and IL-6 refers to interleukin-6. Th1 > Th2 group indicates Z score of serum level of IL-1Beta > Z score of serum level of IL-6, while Th1 < Th2 group indicates Z score of serum level of IL-1Beta < Z score of serum level of IL-6. SIPSTAL represents the total score of Structural Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. CHR denotes clinical high risk of psychosis, and HC stands for Healthy control. MBL represents Mannose-Binding Lectin. “t” is used for the independent t-test, “χ2” for the kappa test, and “Z” for the Mann–Whitney U test. Significant findings are indicated in bold at p < 0.05. p < 0.1 is considered as trending towards significance.
  2. SD stands for standard deviation.
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