Fig. 1: NCTD treatment significantly prevents SLE development of MRL/lpr mice.

a MRL/lpr and MRL/MpJ female mice were randomly divided into three groups and administered vehicle control, 1 or 2 mg/kg NCTD via i.p. every day for 8 weeks as the indicated scheme. n = 5 (MRL/MpJ group) or 10 (MRL/lpr group). b Survival curve of 12- to 20-week-old MRL/MpJ and MRL/lpr mice subjected to either control or NCTD treatment. n = 5 (MRL/MpJ group) or 10 (MRL/lpr group). *P < 0.05, MRL/lpr + vehicle vs. MRL/MpJ + vehicle; #P < 0.05, MRL/lpr + NCTD (2 mg/kg) vs. MRL/lpr + vehicle. c The serum was collected from 12 week and level of anti-dsDNA antibody was monitored, n = 3 (MRL/MpJ group) or 4 (MRL/lpr group). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, MRL/lpr + vehicle vs. MRL/MpJ + vehicle; $$P < 0.01, MRL/lpr + NCTD (1 mg/kg) vs. MRL/lpr + vehicle; ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001, MRL/lpr + NCTD (2 mg/kg) vs. MRL/lpr + vehicle. d Representative spleens from MRL/MpJ and MRL/lpr mice subjected to either vehicle or NCTD treatment. e Spleen weight to tibia length ratios of MRL/MpJ and MRL/lpr mice subjected to either vehicle or NCTD treatment (1 and 2 mg/kg). n = 4 (MRL/lpr treated with vehicle control), 5 (MRL/MpJ group), 7 (MRL/lpr treated with 1 mg/kg NCTD), or 9 (MRL/lpr treated with 2 mg/kg NCTD). **P < 0.01, MRL/lpr + vehicle vs. MRL/MpJ + vehicle; $P < 0.05, MRL/lpr + NCTD (1 mg/kg) vs. MRL/lpr + vehicle; ##P < 0.01, MRL/lpr + NCTD (2 mg/kg) vs. MRL/lpr + vehicle.