Fig. 1: Establishment of paclitaxel-resistant cell lines (A549/PR and H460/PR).

a Diagrams show the treatment of parental A549 and H460 cells with gradients of paclitaxel to produce A549/PR and H460/PR cells. b Cell viability was detected by the CCK-8 method, and the dose–response curves of paclitaxel in parental and resistant cells were plotted. The IC50 value was calculated according to the fitting curves. c, d Results of RT‒qPCR and Western blotting of LRP, ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2 in parental and paclitaxel-resistant cells. e Immunofluorescence staining detected ABCB1 expression in the parental and resistant groups. f Protein expression was assessed using a Western blot assay following knockdown of ABCB1. g The cell viability was assessed, and a dose–response curve of paclitaxel in ABCB1 knockdown resistant cells was constructed. The IC50 values were determined based on the fitted curves. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. PR paclitaxel resistance.