Table 2 Overall characteristics of included studies.

From: Environmental impact of dental amalgam and alternative restorative materials: a systematic review

Characteristics

n

Study design

Before and after

1

Controlled trial

5

Cross-sectional

8a

Modelling/simulation

3

Prospective longitudinal

4

Secondary analysis

1

Settings

Clinic only

11

Lab only

3

Clinic and lab

5

Crematorium

2

Restorative materialb

Dental amalgam

17

Resin-based composite

10

Glass-ionomer cement

6

Alkasite

1

Treatment activity

Restorations

10

Removals

8

Incineration of extracted teeth

3

Not reported

4

  1. aIncludes one study which also had a controlled trial component [31].
  2. bSome studies included more than one type of restorative material.