Table 1 Patient and disease characteristics of the study population.

From: Central nervous system involvement in patients with Richter transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): the Mayo Clinic experience

Phase of disease	Number (N = 36)		%
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Sex
	Male	21	58.3
	Female	15	41.7
	Age at diagnosis (years)
	Median (range)	63 (34–78)
	IGHV
	Mutated	7	46.7
	Unmutated	8	53.3
	Missing	21
	CLL FISH by Dohner hierarchy
	Del(17p)	9	34.6
	Del(11q)	0	0
	Trisomy 12	6	23.1
	Negative	7	26.9
	Del(13q)	4	15.4
	Missing	10
	TP53 somatic mutation
	Negative	7	63.6
	Positive	4	36.4
	Missing	25
	TP53 alteration (Del(17p) and/or TP53 somatic mutation)
	Negative	13	52.0
	Positive	12	48.0
	Missing	11
	CLL treatment status prior to RT
	Untreated	24	66.7
	Treated	12	33.3
	Lines of CLL treatment prior to RT
	Median (range) in all	0 (0–5)
	Median (range) in treated (n = 12)	1.5 (1–5)
Richter transformation	Time to transformation (months)
	Median (range)	17.3 (0–277.4)
	Age at RT diagnosis (years)
	Median (range)	69 (46–79)
	Pathology at RT
	DLBCL	33	91.7
	HGBCL	3	8.3
	Cell of origin
	GCB	13	61.9
	Non-GCB	8	38.1
	Missing	15
	MYC IHC
	Negative	4	20.0
	Positive (≥40%)	16	80.0
	Missing	16
	BCL2 IHC
	Negative	5	20.0
	Positive (≥50%)	20	80.0
	Missing	11
	MYC/BCL2 double expressor
	Positive	10	27.8
	MYC FISH
	Negative	13	61.9
	Positive	8	38.1
	Missing	15
	BCL2 FISH
	Negative	13	81.2
	Positive	3	18.8
	Missing	20
	BCL6 FISH
	Negative	16	100.0
	Positive	0	0
	Missing	20
	Double-/triple-hit
	MYC/BCL2 Double-hit	2	5.6
	PD-1 IHC
	Negative	9	52.9
	Positive	8	47.1
	Missing	19
	EBV IHC
	Negative	15	93.7
	Positive	1	6.3
	Missing	20
	MYD88 mutation
	Negative	4	66.6
	Positive	2	33.3
	Missing	30
	Ki-67 (n = 16)
	Median (range)	90% (25–100%)
	LDH
	Elevated	33	91.7
	Normal	3	8.3
	Lines of treatment for RT before CNS involvement
	Median (range) in all	0 (1–5)
	Median (range) in treated (n = 15)	1 (1–5)
	Clonal relatedness with CLL
	Related	12	75.0
	Unrelated	4	25.0
	Missing	20
CNS involvement of Richter transformation	Time from RT diagnosis to CNS involvement of RT (months)
	Median (range) in all	0 (0–41.6)
	Median (range) in those with CNS involvement at RT progression (n = 14)	11.1 (1–41.6)
	Age at CNS RT diagnosis
	Median (range)	69 (46–80)
	CNS biopsy or imaging confirmation
	Tissue biopsy	16	44.4
	CSF	5	13.9
	Vitreous fluid	3	8.3
	Imaging	12	33.3
	Timing of CNS involvement
	At RT diagnosis	22	61.1
	At RT progression	14	38.9
	Extent of CNS involvement
	Isolated CNS involvement	19	52.8
	CNS and systemic involvement	17	47.2
	Site of CNS involvement
	Parenchymal only	12	33.3
	Parenchymal + others^a	11	30.6
	Others^b	13	36.1

^aParenchymal + others: parenchymal + leptomeningeal, cranial nerve roots, or ocular disease.
^bOthers: leptomeningeal, ocular, cranial or spinal nerve roots, and skull base lesions.

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Table 1 Patient and disease characteristics of the study population.

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