Fig. 4
From: Cellular senescence in musculoskeletal homeostasis, diseases, and regeneration
Senolytic and senomorphic therapeutic strategies. a Senolytic strategies seek to preferentially induce apoptosis in senescent cells and target molecules or signaling pathways that are increased in senescent cells such as p53, BCL-XL and BCL-2, and survival signaling through receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). b Senomorphic strategies target SASP factors that can cause further inflammatory paracrine signaling and tissue damage. CL82198, a selective MMP13 inhibitor, and rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, are both senomorphics under assessment. Blocking antibodies as well as neutralizing antibodies for several SASP factors (IL-1, IL-6, TNF) are being tested for efficacy against further tissue damage. Neutralizing IL-17a/f monoclonal antibodies (nIL-17 mAb) are under evaluation to disrupt the feedforward cycle of TH17 skewing and TH17-induced senescence. Ub Ubiquitin
