Fig. 7

FetA acts as an immunomodulator to enhance PD1 expression. a Flow cytometry analysis of the population of CD206⁺ M2 macrophages after FetA and anti-IC molecule Ab treatment. b Statistical analysis of the percentage of CD206⁺ macrophages after FetA and/or anti-IC molecule Ab treatment. Data are presented as the mean ± s.d. of biological replicates. ^***P < 0.001, ^****P < 0.000 1 (unpaired two-tailed t test). c Western blot analysis of immune checkpoint molecule expression in the GM-CSF-induced M1 macrophages with or without FetA treatment. Statistical analysis of proinflammatory (d) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (e) expression in macrophages after FetA and anti-IC molecule Ab treatment. Data are presented as the mean ± s.d. of biological replicates. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001, N.S. indicates no significance (unpaired two-tailed t test). f Representative microCT images of injured hindlimbs and a selected transverse section of tibia in the NSE-BMP4 mice treated with or without FetA for two weeks. Statistical analysis of the HO volume (g) and BMD (h) in the NSE-BMP4 mice (n = 3-4 per group) treated with or without FetA. Data are presented as the mean ± s.d. of biological replicates. ^*P < 0.05, ^***P < 0.001 (unpaired two-tailed t test)