Table 1 Demographics and clinical parameters at baseline in the GCKD cohort (n = 4 246)

Age, years

60.3 ± 11.9

Male, n/%

2 609 (61.4)

Systolic BP/mmHg

139.4 ± 20.4

Diastolic BP/mmHg

79.1 ± 11.9

BMI/(kg·m⁻²)

29.9 ± 6.0

Diabetes, n/%

1 522 (35.8)

Previous CVD, n/%

1 123 (26.4)

 Never, n/%

1 699 (40.1)

 Former, n/%

1 835 (43.3)

 Current, n/%

700 (16.5)

 Unknown, n/%

12 (0.1)

eGFR/(mL·min⁻¹ per 1.73 m²)

48.3 ± 17.5

UACR/(mg·g⁻¹)

52.8 (9.9–385.0)

hsCRP/(mg·L⁻¹)

2.3 (1.0–5.1)

Serum albumin/(mg·L⁻¹)

38.7 (36.2–40.8)

LDL cholesterol/(mg·dL⁻¹)

112.8 (88.1–141.9)

HDL cholesterol/(mg·dL⁻¹)

47.9 (39.0–60.7)

BAP/(μg·L⁻¹)

16.6 (13.1–21.3)

OPG/(pmol·L⁻¹)

6.5 (5.0–8.3)

iPTH/(pg·mL⁻¹)

38.7 (25.5–59.7)

FGF23/(pmol·L⁻¹)

1.1 (0.6–2.2)

CTX1/(ng·mL⁻¹)

0.3 (0.1–0.5)

Total calcium/(mmol·L⁻¹)

2.27 (2.19–2.35)

Phosphate/(mmol·L⁻¹)

1.11 (0.97–1.24)

25-OH vitamin D/(ng·mL⁻¹)

23.0 (16.7–29.9)

P1NP/(ng·mL⁻¹)

47.0 (34.9–65.5)

RASi, n/%

3 600 (84.8)

Statins, n/%

2 059 (48.5)

Beta blocker, n/%

2 360 (55.6)

Thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors, n/%

1 515 (35.7)

Aldosterone antagonists, n/%

343 (8.1)

Vitamin D therapy, n/%

1 320 (31.3)