Fig. 9
The effect of electrical hydrogels on stimulating bone regeneration. a Repair chicken bone defects using bovine ECM hydrogel and biocompatible mPCL scaffolds in the chick embryo CAM model. c, c1, c2: New bone formation and bridging were observed in the Stro-4+ seeded ECM/mPCL scaffold group.233 Copyright 2020, Wiley-VCH. b, c Osteogenic activity of BMSCs in Z - CS/β - TCP/GO hydrogels. ALP strain staining of BMSCs cultured with different scaffolds for 7 and 14 days, scale bar, 200 μm (b). Alizarin red S staining of cells cultured with varying scaffolds for 14 and 21 days, scale bar, 200 μm (c).234 Copyright 2023, MDPI. ECM extracellular matrix, mPCL melt electro-written medical-grade polycaprolactone, CAM chorioallantoic membrane, ALP alkaline phosphatase
