Fig. 1 | Bone Research

Fig. 1

From: Tissue and extracellular matrix remodeling of the subchondral bone during osteoarthritis of knee joints as revealed by spatial mass spectrometry imaging

Fig. 1

Arthritis of the Tibial Plateau and Spatial Proteomic Imaging. a non-arthritic cadaveric donors without joint disease and OA patients undergoing knee replacement that were age, sex, and BMI matched are stratified by their clinical OARSI (arthritis) grade. Safranin-O/Fast Green staining showed preserved proteoglycans in controls (top) but medial cartilage loss in OA (bottom). b Extracellular matrix proteins were profiled by MALDI-MSI on a timsTOF fleX (Bruker), enabling spatially resolved molecular imaging. c Composite spectra from medial and lateral tibial plateaus of control and OA samples revealed >3 000 peaks, supporting tissue-specific mapping of m/z features. d In control medial tibia, Collagen α1(I) localized to bone and Collagen α1(II) to cartilage, consistent with histology (yellow outlines). Quantitative analysis confirmed enrichment of each marker in its respective tissue (*P < 0.05). e High-resolution (20 µm) imaging at the bone–cartilage junction resolved distinct peptide signals: COL1A1 (m/z 1 242.58) in trabecular bone and COL2A1 (m/z 883.48) in cartilage, highlighting the precision of spatial proteomics

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