Fig. 4

The mtROS scavenger MitoTEMPO significantly reduced the number of migratory structures in migrating MCF-7G1P3 cells. a Abrogation of G1P3-induced mtROS with MitoTEMPO significantly reduced migratory structures in migrating MCF-7G1P3 cells. Migratory structures of untreated and MitoTEMPO-treated MCF-7Vector and MCF-7G1P3 cells were detected with actin staining. Images of migrating and nonmigrating cells were captured with Olympus BX61 confocal microscope at ×60 magnification and analysed using ImageJ software. Each image is a representative of three independent experiments. b Enumeration of migratory structures. Migratory structures in 25 cells were enumerated and represented as the average number of migratory structures per cell (p ≤ 0.0001). Each bar on the graph is mean ± SEM and a p value of 0.05 in ANOVA was considered as significant. c MitoTEMPO significantly reduced augmented migration of MCF-7G1P3 cells. Migration rate of MCF-7Vector and MCF-7G1P3 cells left untreated or pretreated with MitoTEMPO was determined in wound healing assays. Each image is a representative of three independent experiments and each bar on the graph is mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. NS = p > 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001 (ANOVA)