Fig. 2: HDAC inhibitors have anti-tumour effects on Tsc1iΔEC tumour in vivo.

a, b Cell death analysis of Tsc1iΔEC tumour cells upon SAHA (5 μM), CI994 (25 μM), TMP269 (20 μM), Tubastatin A (Tub A, 20 μM) or DMSO treatment for 18 h. Representative results (a) and mean ± SD of MFI (b) were shown. c Western blot analysis of Cl. Casp3, p-rpS6, rpS6 and Ace-H3K9 in Tsc1iΔEC tumour cells upon SAHA (5 μM), CI994, TMP269, Tub A or DMSO treatment at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. d Tsc1iΔEC tumour growth upon SAHA (50 mg/kg), CI994 (100 mg/kg), Tub A (100 mg/kg) or vehicle treatment for 14 days. Tumour volumes are shown as mean ± SEM; n = 3–5 mice (6–10 tumours). e Tsc1iΔEC tumour volumes at day 14. *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01; n.s., no significance. f, g Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of Cl. Casp3, phospho-histone H3 at Ser10 (p-histone H3), Ki67 and LC3B (f). Scale bar, 100 μm, ×40 magnification. Graphs depict the percentage of positive staining areas in each group (g) shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.