Fig. 2: Fractionated irradiation (IR) -induced ERK signalling can be eliminated by MEK inhibitor.

pERK1/2 protein levels in FaDu cells after fractionated IR or (and) PD-901 treatment were determined by immunofluorescence (IF) staining (a) and western blot analysis with whole cell lysate (b). Cell nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst H33342 (blue signal). Scale bars = 20 μm. c Representative staining of control (DMSO) or PD-901 treated FaDu with or without fractionated IR. d Graphs indicate the relative survival fraction of FaDu cells after treatment with given concentrations of PD-901 with or without fractionated IR. DMSO-treated control cells are normalised to one and bars depict mean values + SEM of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005. e Representative IHC staining of pERK1/2 in ex vivo tumour tissues with or without fractionated IR (4 × 2 Gy).