Table 2 Association between 4Kscore and adverse pathology on multivariable analysis, with optimism-corrected area under the curve (AUC)a.

From: A pre-specified model based on four kallikrein markers in blood improves predictions of adverse pathology and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy

Cohort

Sample size

Odds ratiob

95% CIb

p valuec

Clinical

Clinical + 4Kscore

Only 4Kscore

Primary analysisd

       

All biopsy Gleason Grades

2330

1.49

1.32,1.67

p < 0.0001

–

–

–

Biopsy Gleason Grade 3 + 3

1484

1.73

1.47,2.04

p < 0.0001

0.672

0.718

0.717

Biopsy Gleason Grade 3 + 4

524

1.32

1.10,1.59

p = 0.003

0.644

0.659

0.652

Sensitivity analysise

       

All biopsy Gleason Grades

1359

1.43

1.23,1.67

p < 0.0001

–

–

–

Biopsy Gleason Grade 3 + 3

789

1.55

1.27,1.89

p < 0.0001

0.651

0.724

0.724

Biopsy Gleason Grade 3 + 4

356

1.20

0.97,1.48

p = 0.10

0.677

0.686

0.632

Sensitivity analysisf

       

All biopsy Gleason Grades

1359

1.29

1.10,1.52

p = 0.002

–

–

–

Biopsy Gleason Grade 3 + 3

789

1.64

1.33,2.03

p < 0.0001

0.625

0.753

0.760

Biopsy Gleason Grade 3 + 4

356

1.25

0.98,1.60

p = 0.073

0.616

0.642

0.636

  1. aAUC for models in all biopsy Gleason Grades was not calculated since blood sample available prior to surgery was not representative of the distribution of all radical prostatectomy patients at Martini-Klinik.
  2. bOdds ratios are for a one-point increase when taking the logit of the 4Kscore.
  3. cp value presented from multivariable logistics in the corresponding analyses/cohort.
  4. dDefinition of adverse pathology includes ECE, and the clinical model consists of age, PSA, clinical stage and Gleason Grade on biopsy.
  5. eAs per primary analysis, except that the clinical model also includes the number of positive cores on biopsy, and tumour length on biopsy.
  6. fAs per primary analysis, except that the definition of adverse pathology excludes ECE, and the clinical model also includes the number of positive cores on biopsy, and tumour length on biopsy.
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