Table 2 Prognostic and predictive value of tumour budding in non-CRC gastrointestinal cancers.
From: Tumour budding and its clinical implications in gastrointestinal cancers
Reference | Year | Ethnicity | Design | Stage | Size | Cut-off* | Systemic therapy♯ | Outcome | Prognostic value | Predictive value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oesophageal cancer | |||||||||||
AC | Thies et al.6 | 2016 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–IV | 200 | 5 | n.a. | High versus low ITB associated with shorter OS (P = 0.029) | Yes | No |
Landau et al.75 | 2014 | n.a. | Retrospective | I | 210 | 3 | n.a. | High versus low TB 5-y OS: 37% versus 71% (P < 0.0001) | Yes | No | |
SCC | Jesinghaus et al.68 | 2017 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–IV | 135 | 15 | n.a. | High versus low versus no TB mean OS: 39.1 versus 64.7 versus 140.8 months (P < 0.001) | Yes | No |
Niwa et al.70 | 2014 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 78 | 3 | n.a. | High versus low TB 5-y OS: 25.9% versus 75.1%, HR 5.33, 95% CI, 2.55–12.5, (P < 0.0001) | Yes | No | |
Teramoto et al.67 | 2013 | Asian | Retrospective | I, II, IV | 79 | 3 | n.a. | High versus low TB 3-y OS: 48.8% versus 94.5% (P < 0.001) | Yes | No | |
Ito et al.71 | 2012 | Asian | Retrospective | I–III | 87 | 5 | n.a. | Pos. versus neg. TB associated with shorter OS (P = 0.006) | Yes | No | |
Nakanishi et al.72 | 2011 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 82 | 5 | n.a. | High versus low TB mOS: 31 versus 113 months (P = 0.0002) | Yes | No | |
Miyata et al.21 | 2009 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 74 | 5 | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin and 5-Fu | High versus low TB 5-y OS: 17% versus 49% (P < 0.001) | Yes | Unclear, validation needed | |
Koike et al.66 | 2008 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 136 | 5 | n.a. | High versus low TB 5-y OS: 35.4% versus 81.3% (P < 0.001) | Yes | No | |
Roh et al.65 | 2004 | Asian | Retrospective | I–III | 56 | 5 | n.a. | High versus low TB 3-y OS: 30.7% versus 72.3% (P = 0.04) | Yes | No | |
Gastric cancer | |||||||||||
AC | Kemi et al.76 | 2019 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–IV | 583 | 10 | n.a. | High versus low TB 5-y OS: 23% versus 41%, HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.22–1.75 (P < 0.001) | Yes | No |
Che et al.99 | 2017 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 296 | 5 | n.a. | High versus low TB associated with shorter OS HR 2.260, 95% CI 1.617–3.159, (P < 0.001) | Yes | No | |
Tanaka et al.100 | 2014 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 153 | 10 | n.a. | High versus low TB associated with shorter OS HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12–2.41, (P = 0.0104) | Yes | No | |
Gabbert et al.101 | 1992 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–IV | 445 | 5 | n.a. | High versus low TB mOS 15 versus 31 months (P < 0.0001) | Yes | No | |
Cholangiocarcinoma | |||||||||||
Tanaka et al.10 | 2019 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 201 | 5 | n.a. | Pos. versus neg. TB ICC: mOS 18.9 versus 106 months, HR 4.21, 95% CI 2.45–7.23 (P < 0.001) PHCC: HR 3.46, 95% CI 1.57–7.62 (P = 0.002) ECC: HR 3.07, 95% CI 1.0–9.45 (P = 0.050) | Yes | No | |
Ogino et al.83 | 2019 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 310 | DCC: 5 PHCC: 0–4, 5–11, ≥12 | No chemotherapy | DCC: high versus low TB mOS: 40 versus 169 months (P < 0.001) PHCC: high versus intermediate versus low mOS: 38 versus 58 versus 142 months (P < 0.001) | Yes | No | |
Okubo et al.84 | 2018 | Asian | Retrospective | I–IV | 299 | 5 | n.a. | Pos. versus neg. TB mOS: 18.5 versus 55.1 months HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.25–3.68 (P < 0.01) | Yes | No | |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas | |||||||||||
Lohneis et al.91 | 2018 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–III | 162 | n.a. | Gemcitabine versus observation | High versus low TB OS: HR 1.040, 95% CI 1.019–1.061 (P < 0.001) | Yes | Unclear, validation needed | |
Kohler et al.102 | 2015 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–IV | 108 | 10 | n.a. | High TB not associated with long-term survival (P = 0.073) | Yes | No | |
O’Connor et al.103 | 2015 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–III | 192 | 10 | n.a. | High versus low TB mDSS 1.24 versus 1.42 years (P = 0.302) TB+ versus TB–associated with shorter mDSS (P = 0.0003) | Yes | No | |
Karamitopoulou et al.104 | 2013 | Caucasian | Retrospective | I–IV | 117 | 10 | n.a. | High versus low TB associated with decreased OS (P < 0.0001) | Yes | No | |
