Table 1 National and international COVID-19 and cancer registries.
From: COVID-19 and cancer registries: learning from the first peak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Study | No. of patients | Population | Study dates | Definition of cancer | Definition of COVID-19 | Mortality & risk factors significant in multivariate analysis | Effect of recent anti-cancer therapy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
China Nationwide Analysis4 | 18 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; China | Up to 31 January 2020 | Cancer history (0–16 years of follow-up) four patients (28.6%) active anti-cancer treatment (<30 days) | Laboratory | 39% risk of severe events. Older age | Chemotherapy or surgery associated with worse outcomes, OR 5.34 (95% CI 1.80–16.18; P = 0.0026) |
ISARIC-CCP Cancer UK18 | 1797 | “Malignant neoplasm”. Hospitalised patients in the UK with COVID-19 (including non-cancer) | 17 January to 17 August 2020 | “Malignant neoplasm” 24% on “active treatment” (not defined) | Laboratory or high likelihood of COVID-19 | 40.5% mortality in cancer patients vs 28.5% in those without cancer 1.62 (95% CI 1.56–1.68, P < 0.001) | No effect detected in those <50 years Increased risk of mortality in those aged 50–69 years, HR 8.54 (95% CI 7.01–10.4; P < 0.001), aged 70–79 years HR 9.55 (95% CI 8.09–11.26; P < 0.001) and aged >80 years, HR 11.64 (95% CI 9.94–13.63; P < 0.001) |
TERAVOLT9 | 200 | Thoracic cancers; USA, Spain, Switzerland, Italy, France, Netherlands, UK, China | 26 March to 12 April 2020 Median follow-up 15 days | Thoracic cancer, timeframe not defined. 74% on active cancer treatment. | Laboratory, radiological or clinical | 33% Smoking history | No effect detected |
TERAVOLT21 | 1012 | Thoracic cancers; 20 countries | Up to 15 July 2020 | Thoracic cancer, timeframe not defined 65% on active treatment | See above | 32% Age, smoking, cancer stage, steroid use | No treatment or chemotherapy was found to increase risk of death compared with immunotherapy, chemotherapy-immunotherapy, or targeted treatments. OR 1.4 (95% CI 1.02–2.0; P = 0.03) |
CCC-1914 | 928 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; USA, Spain, Canada | March 17, 2020 to April 16, 2020. Follow-up until May 7, 2020 Median follow-up 21 days | Active and previous cancer 39% on active cancer treatment (within < 4 weeks) | Laboratory or radiological | 13% Age, male, smoking, increasing number of comorbidities, ECOG PS > 2, active cancer | No effect detected |
3920 | See above | Up to July 31, 2020 | Active and previous cancer 42% received systemic anti-cancer treatment (SACT) within 12 months | See above | 14% overall, 23% in hospitalised patients Age, male, smoking, black vs white ethnicity, ≥3 number of comorbidities, ECOG PS ≥ 2, progressive cancer, treatment within 3 months, haematological malignancies, multiple malignancies | Chemotherapy within 2 weeks, standardised mortality rate (SMR) 1.30 (95% CI 1.00–1.67). Chemotherapy-immunotherapy within 2 weeks, SMR 2.13 (95% CI 1.02–3.91). Targeted treatments (including anti-CD20) within 1–3, SMR 2.31 (95% CI 1.59–3.25). Within 3–12 months SMR 1.91 (95% CI 1.02–3.27) | |
UKCCMP22 | 800 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; UK | March 18, 2020 to April 26, 2020 | Cancer treated within <1 year or metastatic disease 76% were on active cancer treatment (<4 weeks) | Laboratory | 28% Age, male, comorbidities (hypertension & cardiovascular disease) | No effect detected |
UKCCMP16 | 1044 (817 non-haematological malignancies) | Solid organ and haematological cancers; UK Compared with UK cancer population without COVID-19 | March 18, 2020 to May 8, 2020 Median follow-up 6 days | See above 56% of solid tumour patients were on active cancer treatment (<4 weeks) | See above | 30.6% Age, haematological malignancies | Increased risk in haematological patients receiving chemotherapy <4 weeks (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.09–4.08) |
OnCovid38 | 204 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; UK, Spain, Italy | February 26, 2020 to April 1, 2020 | Active and previous cancer 50% were on SACT (< 4 weeks) | Laboratory | 29% Age, more than two comorbidities | No effect detected |
OnCovid19 | 890 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; UK, Spain, Italy, Germany | February 26, 2020 to April 1, 2020 Mean follow-up 19 days | See above 53.8% were on SACT (< 4 weeks) | See above | 33.6% Age, male, more than 2 comorbidities | No deleterious effect detected (nb: SACT was associated with better outcomes (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53–0.95; P = 0.019) but cohort younger, less comorbid and more female patients) |
Dutch Oncology COVID-19 Consortium (DOCC)23 | 351 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; Netherlands | March 27, 2020 to May 4, 2020 | Active and previous cancer diagnosed <5 years or ongoing impact 47% active anti-cancer treatment (<30 days) | Laboratory or radiological | 32.3% Male, age, prior or other cancer, haematological or lung cancer | No effect detected |
GCO-002 CACOVID-1925 | 1289 | Solid organ; France | March 1, 2020 to June 11, 2020 Median follow-up 34 days | Histologically confirmed solid tumour 38% on SACT within 4 weeks, 59% on SACT within last 3 months | Laboratory, radiological or symptoms | 29% Male, performance status, updated Charlson comorbidity index (uCCI), admission to ICU | No effect detected overall, although note increased risk of death (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.0–2.34; P = 0.05) in patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 who had received cytotoxic chemotherapy in the 4 weeks or 3 months prior to COVID-19 |
SAKK 80/20 CaSA24 | 359 | Solid organ and haematological cancers; Switzerland | March 1, 2020 to July 16, 2020 | 51.8% active anti-cancer treatment (<30 days) | Laboratory or radiological | 17.8% Age, ICU admission, non-curative treatment | No effect detected |
