Table 1 Baseline and treatment characteristics.

Characteristics	NCIS study population (n = 414)		Arkenau et al. [6] (n = 212)		Kumar et al. [12] (n = 300)
	No. of pts	%	No. of pts	%	No. of pts	%
Gender
Male	157	38	142	67	159	53
Female	257	62	70	33	141	47
Median age, years (IQR)	60 [51–66]				58 [49–65]
ECOG PS
0	190	46	58	28	104	35
1	204	49	137	66	194	64
2	8	2	13	6	1	1
Number of prior therapies
0–2	219	53	110	52
≥3	195	47	102	48
Number of metastatic sites
0–2	228	55	135	64	104	35
≥ 3	186	45	77	36	196	65
Metastatic sites
Liver	194	47	57	27
Lung	192	46	86	41
Bone	116	28	62	29
Albumin, unit
≥35	332	80	91	57
<35	82	20	121	43
LDH, IU/L
≤580	277	67	108	51
>580	136	33	104	49
RMH score
0	145	35	119	56	70	23
1	162	39			129	43
2	76	18	93	44	93	31
3	30	7			8	3
Median NLR (IQR)	3.39 (2.09–5.04)				3.08 (2.06–4.49)
Tumour classification Breast	117	28	33⁷	16
GI (colorectal + upper GI)	107	26	26	12
Other	190	46	153	72
Treatment
Chemotherapy	36	9	64	30
Targeted therapy	297	72	148	70
Immunotherapy	74	18
Vaccines	18	4

Note: 1. The figures are presented in terms of frequency and percentage, unless otherwise stated.
2. Arkenau et al. [6], 69% of the participants were <65 years, and 31% were ≥65 years.
3. In total, 12 patients in the NCIS study population did not have ECOG PS recorded.
4. Median albumin was 36 (IQR 33–39) in Kumar et al. [12].
5. LDL was presented based on the institutional upper limit of normal i.e., 580 IU/L for NCIS study population and 192 U/L for Arkenau et al. [6]. It was missing for one patient in the NCIS study population.
6. For Arkenau et al. [6], the score for RMH was combined for 0–1 (119, 56%) and 2–3 (93, 44%).
7. For Arkenau et al. [6], breast cancer patients were included in the same group as gynaecological patients.
8. Other cancers for the NCIS population included lymphoma (3.4%), hepatocellular carcinoma (6.3%), head and neck cancers (8.0%), lung cancer (8.2%) and gynaecological cancer (12.8%).

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