Fig. 1: Schematic of the model structure showing PARP inhibitor effects (PARPi, in blue) and ATR inhibitor effects (ATRi, in orange).

a Overall DDR model coupled to the core cell-cycle model. b PARPi monotherapy effect on cancer cell with fully competent DDR system: response will be poor due to damage repair performed by back-up pathway. c PARPi monotherapy effect on cancer cell with deficient back-up pathway (e.g. HR deficiency): response will be strong as both repair pathways are impaired. d PARPi + ATRi combination effect on cancer cell with fully competent DDR system: response will be strong as both repair pathways are impaired.