Fig. 1: ALPPL2 and THBS2 protein levels in exosomes isolated from serum samples of healthy controls and PDAC patients detected by Western blotting.

a Western blot images for individual protein markers. CD81 (a tetraspanin protein) was included as a positive control for exosomes. b Relative protein levels (normalized to the average of HC samples) based on the quantification of band intensities in (a).