Fig. 3: Genomic instability and copy number features associated with HRD in cfDNA.

a Representative copy number profile of a BRCA2-mutated (HRD) sample. b Representative copy number profile of a HR-proficient prostate cancer samples. c Distinct focal tandem duplications (FTDs), characteristic of CDK12-mutated tumours. d Distribution of tumour fraction (TF%) across five mutation-defined groups: BRCA1/2 or PALB2, non BRCA/PALB2 HRR genes, CDK12, TP53/PTEN/RB1, and samples without pathogenic mutations. e ShallowHRD scores (sHRD) in the same groups, limited to samples with TF > 20%. Dashed lines indicate sHRD thresholds of 15 and 20. f Correlation between TF% and sHRD score within each genomic subgroup. Dashed lines mark TF = 20% and sHRD = 20. Spearman correlation statistics are reported per panel.