Fig. 1: ESCRT-dependent membrane repair negatively regulates cell death.
From: ESCRT-III-mediated membrane repair in cell death and tumor resistance
Necroptosis is a caspase-independent cell death mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)-dependent MLKL activation. GSDMD mediates pyroptosis after its cleavage by caspase 1 or caspase 11 to produce an N-terminal fragment, namely GSDMD-N. Ferroptosis is a lipid peroxidation-dependent cell death that is mediated by the activation of acyl-coA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and lipoxygenases (ALOXs). All these cell death stimuli can cause plasma membrane damage through different mechanisms. In contrast, Ca2+ influx-mediated activation and recruitment of ESCRT-III complex leads to the repair of damaged plasma membranes during cell death.
