Fig. 2: Schematic representation of p38γ MAPK signal transduction pathway. | Cancer Gene Therapy

Fig. 2: Schematic representation of p38γ MAPK signal transduction pathway.

From: P38 kinase in gastrointestinal cancers

Fig. 2

A wide variety of stimuli including cellular stresses, UV, proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors can activate p38γ MAPK. These lead to the initiation of a three-step MAPK phosphorylation cascade (MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK). Firstly, MAPKKKs (ASK1, MLK1&2, and TAO1&2) phosphorylate the p38 MAPK-specific MAPKKs MKK6 and MKK3, respectively. These subsequently phosphorylate p38γ MAPK. The phosphorylated p38γ can activate the downstream substrates such as α-syntrophin, hDlg (human disc large), PTPH1 (protein tyrosine phosphatase H1), PSD95 (post-synapse density 95), and transcription factor MyoD, which trigger cellular responses. ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1), MLKs (mixed-lineage kinases), TAO (thousand-and-one amino acid).

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