Fig. 8: Model summarizing the multi-cancer LBH meta-analysis.

In normal tissues, LBH regulates stem cells in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. In gastrointestinal (COAD, READ, STAD, LIHC, PAAD), urological (KIRC, BLCA), and other cancers, the LBH gene locus is hypomethylated leading to increased LBH expression, in association with WNT/Integrin and inflammatory signaling pathways. In lung (LUAD) and skin (SKCM) cancer, LBH is downregulated, without DNA methylation changes, correlating with nucleotide synthesis, protein turnover, and neurodegeneration gene signatures, suggesting novel mechanisms of LBH regulation and function in carcinogenesis.