Fig. 2: Overview of the ER redox processes | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 2: Overview of the ER redox processes

From: Redox crosstalk at endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane contact sites (MCS) uses toxic waste to deliver messages

Fig. 2

The oxidation of Ero1 by O2 initiates disulfide relays leading to the insertion of disulfide bonds into proteins as they fold in the ER (here, the protein “Y”) with oxidoreductases of the PDI family playing a key intermediary role (see main text for details). H2O2 produced during Ero1 oxidation can be scavenged by the peroxidases Gpx7, Gpx8 and Prx4. H2O2 is also formed in the ER NOX4. Upon H2O2 scavenging, oxidized Prx4 and Gpx7 transfer a disulfide bond to PDI, contributing to oxidative protein folding. Intermolecular disulfide bonds are also formed into the ER for establishing oligomeric covalent structures or for example retaining misfolded proteins

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