Fig. 3: Role of ROS in mediating AF-induced depletion of SP cells

a Induction of ROS increase by AF and its partial reversion by an antioxidant NAC. A549 cells were pre-treated with 3 mM NAC for 1 h, washed, and then incubation with auranofin (4–6 μM) for 24 h. ROS levels were measured by staining the cells with DCF-DA, followed by flow cytometry analysis. b AF-induced depletion of SP cells was partially prevented by pre-treatment with NAC. A549 cells were treated with 3 mM NAC for 1 h, washed, and then incubated with the indicated concentrations of auranofin for 24 h. SP cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. c A549 cells were treated with the indication concentrations of H₂O₂ for 24 h, and cellular ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry analysis after the cells were stained with DCF-DA. d A549 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of H₂O₂ for 24 h, and SP cells was measured by flow cytometry