Fig. 1: IL-4 enhances alternative activation of spinal cord microglia. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 1: IL-4 enhances alternative activation of spinal cord microglia.

From: Interleukin 4 modulates microglia homeostasis and attenuates the early slowly progressive phase of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Fig. 1

a Production of IL-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of mice receiving LV and collected at day 7 (n = 4), 14 (n = 7), and 30 (n = 6). At each time point, IL-4 was undetectable in GFP-LV mice (n = 12). Results represent means ± S.D. b and c Immunofluorescence analysis on merged images for Iba1 and pSTAT6 from GFP-LV and IL-4-LV mice collected at day 14, arrow in C identifies a double positive cell shown in the inset. d Quantification (means ± S.D.) of ventral spinal cord Iba1/pSTAT6+ cells from GFP-LV (n = 9) and IL-4-LV mice at day 7, 14, and 30 (n = 3 for each time point). e and f Double immunofluorescences for Arg1 and F4/80 from GFP-LV and IL-4-LV mice collected at day 14. Arrows indicate cells that are shown at high magnification in bottom panels, no labeling were obtained in GFP-LV mice. g Percentages of double positive Arg1/ F4/80 cells (means ± S.D.) in GFP-LV (n = 9) and IL-4-LV mice at 7, 14, and 30 day (n = 3 for each time point). h and i Representative sections double labeled for Fizz1 and F4/80 from GFP-LV and IL-4-LV mice collected at day 14. Arrows indicate cells that are shown at high magnification in bottom panels, no labeling were obtained in GFP-LV mice. j Quantification of double positive Fizz1/ F4/80 cells (means ± S.D.) in GFP-LV (n = 9) and IL-4-LV mice at day 7, 14, and 30 (n = 3 for each time point). k and l Representative merged images for CD31, Iba1, and Fizz1 from GFP-LV and IL-4-LV mice. l and m Double immunofluorescences on merged images for CD206 and Iba1 from GFP-LV and IL-4-LV mice collected at day 14 (n = 3 for each group). o–s Representative images used for quantitative Sholl analysis (means ± S.E.M.) performed at day 7, 14, and 30 (n = 3 for each group at each time point). Data derive from Iba1 labeled sections from GFP-LV and IL-4-LV mice, numbers were obtained counting the number of branch tip intersections at increasing size of radius from the center of the soma with radial step size of 2 µm. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons post-test has been used to analyze data plotted in (a), (d), (g), and (j). Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons post-test has been used to analyze data in (q), (r), and (s). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; ***p < 0.001, # not detectable. Scale bar 50 µm in (c), (f), and (i): 10 µm in (l) and (p)

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