Table 1 Correlation between VCAM-1 and CCL18 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of PDAC patients

Characteristics	N of cases	VCAM-1 level				CCL18 level
Characteristics	N of cases	L	M	H	p value	L	M	H	p value
Total cases	134	33	42	59		28	55	51
Gender					0.619				0.990
Male	77	21	22	34		16	32	29
Female	57	12	20	25		12	23	22
Age					0.767				0.979
<60	59	14	17	28		12	24	23
≥60	75	19	25	31		16	31	28
Differentiation					0.448				0.169
Well	22	4	5	13		1	9	12
Moderate	86	24	29	33		22	33	31
Poor	26	5	8	13		5	13	8
TNM stage (AJCC)^b					0.009**				0.036*
I	35	16	10	9		12	15	8
II	36	7	15	14		9	16	11
III	41	7	9	25		4	18	19
IV	22	3	8	11		3	6	13
Lymph node metastasis					0.004**				0.275
Negative	56	22	15	19		14	25	17
Positive	78	11	27	40		14	30	34
Perineural invasion					0.013*				0.482
Negative	45	18	12	15		11	20	14
Positive	89	15	30	44		17	35	37

^aχ²-test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
^bAmerican Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), patients were staged in accordance with the 7th Edition of the AJCC Cancer’s’ TNM Classification; N of cases number of cases; T stage tumor stage; TNM tumor node metastasis; L low; M moderate; H high

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