Fig. 3: Morphological characterisation of HC-like cells from hiPSCs harbouring the A8344G mutation of mtDNA. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 3: Morphological characterisation of HC-like cells from hiPSCs harbouring the A8344G mutation of mtDNA.

From: ATOH1/RFX1/RFX3 transcription factors facilitate the differentiation and characterisation of inner ear hair cell-like cells from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells harbouring A8344G mutation of mitochondrial DNA

Fig. 3: Morphological characterisation of HC-like cells from hiPSCs harbouring the A8344G mutation of mtDNA.

a Morphology of M1ctrl, M1 and M2 cells during HC differentiation: these iPSCs exhibited a round and flat morphology in the bright-field imaging. The whole HC differentiation process included embryoid body (EB) formation, ectoderm differentiation (ED), otic progenitor (OP) and HC differentiation. Scale bar = 100 µm. b The ROS levels of M1-HCs and M2-HCs were higher than that of M1Ctrl-HC-like cells, as revealed by flow cytometry. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, N = 3. c Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that the expression levels of the antioxidant enzyme genes MnSOD and CAT in M1- and M2-HC-like cells were significantly higher than those in M1Ctrl HC-like cells. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, N = 3. d M1Ctrl, M1 and M2 HC-like cells obtained through a non-TF method exhibited cilia-like protrusions on the surface of cells. The arrow indicates the single cilium and arrowhead indicates the clustered cilia. Scale bar = 5 µm in the upper row of d, 2.5 µm in the lower row of d. e The length and number of cilia were measured from the cilia in the SEM image using ImageJ software. Data are presented as mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001., N=3. 

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