Fig. 4: GSH depletion induces ferroptosis in RPE cells.

a–c Cell viability detection with Annexin V/PI by flow cytometry. a Cys2 starvation with or without selected cell death inhibitors. b BSO (1000 µM) treatment with or without selected cell death inhibitors. c Erastin (10 µM) treatment with or without selected cell death inhibitors. Ferroptosis-specific inhibitor Fer-1 (8 μM), Lip-1 (600 nM), iron chelator DFO (80 μM), pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk (30 μM), autophagic inhibitor 3-MA (10 mM), and lysosomal inhibitor Baf-A1 (75 nM) were diluted in Cys2-free culture medium or coincubated with BSO or erastin treatment at indicated dose (all stock dissolved in DMSO except 3-MA; the latter is water soluble) for 24 h. Quadrant Q4: viable cells. Numbers displayed in each quadrant represent proportion of cells. (d–f) represent quantified data depicted in (a–c). Data in (d–f) represent mean ± SD from one of three representative experiments. Representative data from one of three experiments are shown. ** represent p < 0.01. g GPX4 downregulation as assessed by immunoblotting