Fig. 6: Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) deficiency suppresses colorectal tumor growth and metastatic colonization. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 6: Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) deficiency suppresses colorectal tumor growth and metastatic colonization.

From: Glutaminase 1 expression in colorectal cancer cells is induced by hypoxia and required for tumor growth, invasion, and metastatic colonization

Fig. 6

a HT29 subclones (2 × 106 cells) were implanted into the groin of 6–8-week-old male SCID mice. Primary tumor volume was determined twice per week. After 51 days, the primary tumor was harvested and weighed. ***p < 0.001 vs. non-targeting control (NTC) by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post-test (mean ± SEM; n = 6). b Tumor weights are shown. c HT29 subclones (1 × 106 cells) were injected into the tail vein of SCID mice. Four weeks later, the left lung was fixed under inflation and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to identify metastatic foci (arrows). Scale bar = 200 μm. d The number of metastatic foci per field (six random fields per section) was determined. e DNA was extracted from the right lung and analyzed by qPCR using primers specific for human HK2 gene sequences to quantify the total lung metastatic burden. f The inguinal lymph node ipsilateral to the hind paw pad injection was harvested and analyzed by immunohistochemistry using an antibody specific for human vimentin (left panel). Image analysis was performed to determine the vimentin positive area per field under × 40 magnification based on six random fields per section (right panel). For all bar graphs, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. NTC by ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test (mean ± SEM)

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