Fig. 4: Virus-induced inflammasome activation is independent of RNA sensing by RIG-I, MDA-5, or DXH33.

a Primed WT or RIG-I^−/− BMDMs were infected with VSV or EMCV. After 15 h, IL-1β release in the cell supernatant was assessed by ELISA. The data shown are means ± SD from three independent experiments. ns, not significant versus WT BMDMs (Student’s t-test). b Analysis of the viral replication in WT or RIG-I^−/− BMDMs. c Primed WT, MAVS^−/−, or MDA5^−/− BMDMs were infected with VSV or EMCV. After 15 h, IL-1β release in the cell supernatant was assessed by ELISA. The data shown are means ± SD from three independent experiments. ns, not significant versus WT BMDMs (Student’s t-test). d Analysis of the viral replication in WT, MAVS^−/−, or MDA5^−/− BMDMs. e WT or RIG-I^−/− BMDMs were infected with VSV, VSV M, or EMCV for 8 h. IFNβ release in the cell supernatant was next assessed by ELISA. The data shown are means ± SD from three independent experiments. ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, ns, not significant versus WT BMDMs (Student’s t-test). f WT, MAVS^−/−, or MDA5^−/− BMDMs were infected with VSV, VSV M, or EMCV for 8 h. IFNβ release in the cell supernatant was assessed by ELISA. The data shown are means ± SD from three independent experiments. ****P < 0.0001, **0.001 < P < 0.01, ns, not significant versus WT BMDMs (Student’s t-test). g BMDMs were transfected with siRNAs raised against DHX33 or nonspecific siRNA (NS). After 3 days, BMDMs were infected with VSV or EMCV for 15 h. IL-1β release in the cell supernatant was then assessed by ELISA. The data shown are means ± SD from three independent experiments. ns, not significant versus NS siRNA-transfected BMDMs (Student’s t-test). The efficiency of the knockdown of DHX33 was confirmed by WB