Fig. 2: GLP inhibits autophagic degradation and increases autophagosome formation in CRC cells.

a HT-29 and HCT116 cells were treated with GLP at indicated concentrations for 24 h, and the expression of p62 was determined by western blotting analysis. b qRT-PCR analysis of the mRNA expression level of p62 following treatment of HT-29 and HCT116 cells with GLP (5 mg/ml) for 24 h. c–e HT-29 and HCT116 cells were treated with GLP (5 mg/ml), with or without CQ (10 μM) (c), or with or without Rap (2 μM) (d), or with or without 3-MA (5 mM) (e) for 24 h. The protein expressions of LC3 and p62 were determined by western blotting. f, g HT-29 cells were treated with GLP (5 mg/ml), with or without CQ (10 μM) (f), or with or without 3-MA (5 mg/ml) (g) for 24 h. TEM was utilized to observe the formation of autophagosome upon treatments. Arrows indicate representative double membrane vacuoles. Scale bar: 2 µm. Data are presented as Mean ± SE from three independent experiments. N.S. No significance