Fig. 6: Schematic model of how vitamin D promotes the cisplatin sensitivity of oral cancer by inhibiting the LCN2-RPS3-NF-κB pathway.

In OSCC cells, vitamin D promoted LCN2 promoter methylation to inhibit LCN2 protein expression, which reduced LCN2-RPS3 binding and thus reduced RPS3-NF-κB binding. The formation of the NF-κB complex ultimately reduced the activation of NF-κB, increasing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of the tumour to cisplatin.