Fig. 5: HMPL-013 downregulates hypoxia-induced VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway and CCL2 secretion in HCVECs. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 5: HMPL-013 downregulates hypoxia-induced VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway and CCL2 secretion in HCVECs.

From: Fruquintinib inhibits VEGF/VEGFR2 axis of choroidal endothelial cells and M1-type macrophages to protect against mouse laser-induced choroidal neovascularization

Fig. 5

HCVECs were randomly assigned into four groups: normal, hypoxia (24 h), hypoxia + DMSO, and hypoxia + HMPL-013 (0.05 μmol/l for 24 h). a Western blot was done to detect VEGF, p-VEGFR2, VEGFR2, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, p-p65, and p65 protein level. b Densitometry values of VEGF normalized to GAPDH, p-VEGFR2 normalized to VEGFR2, and p-PI3K normalized to PI3K. ***P < 0.005, **P < 0.01 vs. normal group; ###P < 0.005, ##P < 0.01 vs. CNV 7 d group. c Densitometry values of p-AKT normalized to AKT, and p-P65 normalized to P65. ***P < 0.005 vs. normal group; ##P < 0.01 vs. CNV 7 d group. d ELISA was done to detect CCL2 protein level in culture supernatant. **P < 0.01 vs. normal group; ##P < 0.01 vs. CNV 7 d group. n = 4 in each group.

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