Fig. 3: Sixteen-month-old VPS35D620N/+ knockin mice exhibit late-onset motor dysfunction of PD.

A, B Motor activity of heterozygous VPS35D620N/+ mice aged 12 months was similar to that of WT mice. Velocity (A) and distance (B) of locomotor activity were significantly reduced in 16-month-old VPS35D620N/+ knockin mice. Each bar represents mean ± S.E. value of 11 mice. **P < 0.01 compared with WT mice. C Twelve-month-old WT or VPS35D620N/+mice performed pole test with a similar time required to descend the pole. VPS35D620N/+ knockin mice aged 16 months displayed bradykinesia symptom by requiring more time to perform pole test. Each bar shows mean ± S.E. value of 11 mice. D, E Forty minutes after intraperitoneal application of saline or methyl L-DOPA (1.5 mg/kg/body weight), locomotor activity was measured. Treatment of methyl L-DOPA significantly improved reduced distance and velocity of locomotion exhibited by VPS35D620N/+ knockin mice at age of 16 months. Each bar represents mean ± S.E. value of eight animals. #P < 0.05 compared to VPS35D620N/+ mice injected with saline.