Fig. 4: Necroptosis promotes gut barrier dysfunction following intestinal ischemia reperfusion.

(A) Chui’s score was used to assess intestinal injury for different durations of reperfusion (45 min of ischemia (I 45 min), 30 min of reperfusion (R 30 min), 1 h of reperfusion (R 1 h) and 2 h of reperfusion (R 2 h)). (B) mtDNA in the plasma from sham mice and mice with intestinal I/R injury was analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR analysis by amplifying two kinds of mtDNA primers (MT-COI and MT-CYTC). (C) Plasma IFN-β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were analyzed by ELISA. (D) STING signaling and necroptosis were detected by western blot. (E) Representative images of intestinal histology (H&E staining) after intestinal I/R (2 h of reperfusion) or the treatment of necrostatin-1 (nec-1). (F) Intestinal injury was assessed by Chui’s score. (G) Plasma inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and Il-6) were detected by ELISA. Scale bars = 50 μm. Data were showed as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.