Fig. 1: TRPM8 expression in human PCa.

a TCGA RNA-seq dataset showing TRPM8 expression levels in normal tissues and related primary tumors. b TCGA, SU2C, and Beltran RNA-seq datasets analysis stating TRPM8 expression levels in benign prostate tissue, primary PCa and castration resistant metastatic adeno-PCa. Data were analyzed using a two-tailed Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test with a significance level set at 5%. c TRPM8 mRNA levels in 52 matched normal and adjacent PCa samples showing increased expression of TRPM8 in PCa compared to adjacent normal tissue in 36 cases, reduction in 5 and comparable levels in 11. d Relative amount of PM-associated 6TM (full length) and ER-associated 4TM TRPM8 transcript isoforms in 52 matched normal (N) and primary PCa (PCa) samples, as retrieved in TCGA RNA-seq dataset. e TRPM8 immunostaining score of a commercially available PCa tissue microarray (TMA). TRPM8 immunostaining was scored as weak (0), moderate (1), high (2), or very high (3) on 5 normal prostate cores and 171 PCa cores representing 57 different cases (3 cores × tumor). Representative images of scored normal prostate tissue and prostate adenocarcinoma cores are shown. Results are presented as percentage of tumors scored 0-to-3 respect to tumor stage. Stage I: score 1 = 36%; score 2 = 36%; score 3 = 28%; stage II: score 1 = 9%, score 2 = 64%, score 3 = 27%; stage III: score 1 = 8%; score 2 = 38%; score 3 54%; stage IV: score 1 = 12%, score 2 = 25%, score 3 = 63%. Scale bars, 100 μm. f TRPM8 immunostaining of matched primary PCa (A, B) and hormone naïve lymph node metastases (a, b). Scale bars, 100 μm.